Bupropion, commonly known by its brand names Wellbutrin and Zyban, can cause a range of side effects, which vary in frequency and intensity among individuals. Common side effects include dry mouth, which can lead to a constant feeling of thirst and discomfort. Insomnia is frequently reported, making it difficult for some individuals to fall asleep or stay asleep, potentially impacting their overall daily functioning. Headaches are another common complaint, with some people experiencing persistent or severe headaches. Nausea and gastrointestinal issues, such as constipation, are also frequent, particularly in the initial stages of treatment.
Patients often experience increased anxiety and agitation, especially at the beginning of treatment or during dose adjustments, which can be particularly challenging for those already dealing with anxiety disorders. Weight loss and decreased appetite are notable side effects, often seen as a distinct characteristic of bupropion compared to other antidepressants that typically cause weight gain. Increased sweating and dizziness are also common, which can be uncomfortable and sometimes interfere with daily activities.
Less common but more serious side effects include seizures, which are a known risk particularly at higher doses or with rapid dose increases. High blood pressure and rapid heartbeat may occur, necessitating regular monitoring by a healthcare provider. Some individuals might experience severe allergic reactions, such as skin rashes, itching, or swelling. Psychological effects, like unusual thoughts, mood changes, or hallucinations, although rare, can also occur.
Because of the potential for these side effects, it is important for individuals taking bupropion to maintain regular communication with their healthcare provider, report any severe or persistent symptoms, and have their treatment plan adjusted as necessary to ensure both safety and effectiveness. Regular monitoring helps manage side effects and make any necessary changes to the treatment regimen.