There are a lot of diseases acquainted with years and one of the most unpleasant is atherosclerosis. For such a disease, depending on the degree of narrowing of the artery by the plaque that enters its lumen the symptoms manifest themselves, and also from the site of the vessel’s lesion. Depending on the localization, several types of atherosclerosis are distinguished:
- Cardiac form;
- Cerebral (lesion of the vessels of the internal carotid artery pool);
- Vessels of lower limbs - manifestations are differentiated according to the level of plaque occurrence;
- Arteries of the upper limb;
- Pelvic arteries;
- Aorta;
- Mesenteric arteries.
Considering the stage of such an illness, the symptoms manifest themselves in such a correlation: at the stage of deposition of cholesterol plaques that cover the lumen by less than one quarter, nonspecific signs of the disease appear. However, when the vessel is closed for two or three quarters, the disease acquires the characteristics characteristic of the defeat of the whole organ, which feeds at the expense of this artery. Therefore, it is optimal to diagnose atherosclerosis at the early stages of the lesion, just as to prevent it.
The non-specific atherosclerosis signs in the early stages include:
- Feeling cold in the lower limbs;
- Expressed mixed dyspnea and tachycardia with physical activity or agitation;
- Periodic, brief, anginal attacks;
- Feeling of pulsation in the carotid arteries;
- Minor and short abdominal pain;
- Dryness of the skin of the extremities.
It is noteworthy that the pathogenesis of disease includes many factors, eliminating most of which at the stage of such manifestations, one can achieve recovery. Morphologically it is not called that, because in the artery the plaques cannot be eliminated. However, if there is a fat spot in the lumen of the vessel, it can be eliminated. In the future there will be a probability that a new spot can form in this place, which then will grow into a plaque.
With the maintenance of rational prevention, this risk is reduced to a minimum, and therefore the possibility of prolonging life is worth it. In return, a person should simply lead a healthy lifestyle. Expressed atherosclerosis with the help of prevention and treatment of lipid-lowering agents cannot be corrected: plaques cannot be eliminated by the immune reaction or the work of human biochemical mechanisms. However, for such a disease as atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels - treatment is necessary: it is justified, because it prevents the formation of new plaques. If old plaques do not lead to noticeable complications or symptoms, then their growth will necessarily provoke a stroke. Therefore, the therapy is aimed at maximum postponement of the onset of the period of complications.
It is noteworthy that for such a disease - the symptoms do not appear immediately after obturation of the artery lumen, because the blood in any case can be brought along a different path. If the occlusion of the vessel occurs, the signs make themselves felt. Preventing the onset of complete closure of the vessel, as well as the formation of a clot on the plaque - this is almost the main goal of therapy. At the same time, it is necessary to use drugs from atherosclerosis regimen, as well as follow a diet, to lead a healthy lifestyle: by eliminating the causes of atherosclerosis, one can count on good treatment indices and positive dynamics.
Analyzing the causes, it is worth concluding that their elimination is the optimal tactic of general therapy. Biochemistry of atherosclerosis is extremely simple: cholesterol is synthesized, necessary as a substrate for the synthesis of bile acids and sex hormones. It is also a form for the transfer of neutral fat molecules in the composition of chylomicron and lipoproteins. Excessive cholesterol leads to the formation of this disease. With this logic, the pathogenesis of the disease is realized. At the same time, most drugs affect the mechanism of cholesterol synthesis, which helps to prevent the clinical manifestations. Of particular importance is the problem of disability. Its cause is brain damage with neurological symptoms and ischemic heart disease. At an atherosclerosis of extremities their amputation is possible. Therefore, disability is a consequence of the cause. In this case, the category may vary significantly: with the amputation of the lower limb or with the defeat of the brain, the second or the first group of disability is exposed, whereas in the case of cardiac damage there may be the first, second or third, depending on the extent of the lesion.
For such pathology as atherosclerosis treatment is necessary for each patient. But it is aimed at reducing the amount of cholesterol deposits in plaques, as well as reducing the amount of the substance itself, which causes pathology. One of the most popular is Crestor because it can be taken at low dosages. By influencing various biochemical processes in the body, it is possible to achieve adequate therapy. Treatment is based on the following principles:
- A diet with a reduced amount of fat is needed;
- The tactic of reducing CHSLNP (atherogenic LPP) is pursued;
- Creation of conditions for less absorption of fats from the lumen of the intestine;
- Depression of cholesterol synthesis;
- Correction of the lipidogram;
- Gene therapy;
- Correction of hormonal pathologies and disorders (typical for menopause);
- Substitution of deficiency of nitric oxide in the body.
