Lisinopril is a medication classified as an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It is commonly prescribed to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), heart failure, and to improve survival rates after a heart attack. Lisinopril works by relaxing blood vessels, which allows blood to flow more smoothly and lowers blood pressure.
Here are some key points about lisinopril:
Mechanism of Action: Lisinopril inhibits the enzyme ACE, which plays a role in the production of angiotensin II, a hormone that constricts blood vessels. By blocking ACE, lisinopril reduces the production of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation (widening of blood vessels) and lowering of blood pressure.
Indications: Lisinopril is primarily used to treat hypertension, either alone or in combination with other antihypertensive medications. It is also prescribed to improve survival rates following a heart attack (myocardial infarction) and to manage heart failure by reducing the heart's workload.
Administration: Lisinopril is typically taken orally in the form of tablets, once daily. The dosage may vary depending on the individual's condition and response to treatment.
Side Effects: Common side effects of lisinopril include dizziness, headache, cough, fatigue, and mild skin rash. Less common but potentially serious side effects can include allergic reactions, severe dizziness, and kidney problems.
Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood pressure and kidney function is important while taking lisinopril. It may also be necessary to monitor potassium levels, as ACE inhibitors can sometimes cause potassium levels to increase.
Precautions: Lisinopril should not be used during pregnancy due to potential harm to the fetus. It is also important to avoid alcohol and certain medications that can interact with lisinopril, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and potassium supplements.
Overall, lisinopril is an effective medication for managing hypertension and certain heart conditions. Its ability to relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure contributes to its role in cardiovascular health management under the guidance of healthcare professionals.