Oxcarbazepine, the generic form of Trileptal, can cause a variety of side effects. Common side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, and fatigue, which can impact daily activities and overall alertness. Headaches are also frequently reported. Gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain can occur, making some patients feel uncomfortable.
Visual disturbances, including blurred or double vision, are common side effects that can affect activities requiring clear eyesight. Oxcarbazepine can also lead to hyponatremia, a condition characterized by low sodium levels in the blood. Symptoms of hyponatremia can include confusion, headache, weakness, and, in severe cases, seizures. This side effect is particularly concerning and requires regular monitoring by a healthcare provider.
Coordination problems and balance issues can arise, increasing the risk of falls and injuries, especially in older adults. Some patients may experience allergic reactions, which can range from mild skin rashes and itching to more severe reactions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which requires immediate medical attention.
Mood changes, including depression or irritability, can also occur, and some individuals might experience cognitive effects such as difficulty concentrating or memory problems. It's crucial for patients to communicate any severe or persistent side effects to their healthcare provider. Adjustments to the dosage or switching to a different medication may be necessary if side effects are intolerable. Regular follow-up appointments and monitoring are important to ensure the safe and effective use of oxcarbazepine, particularly due to the potential for serious side effects like hyponatremia.