Metformin is a commonly prescribed medication for managing type 2 diabetes. The most common side effects of metformin 500 mg tablets include gastrointestinal symptoms such as:
Nausea: Feeling sick to your stomach or discomfort in the stomach area.
Vomiting: Throwing up or expelling stomach contents through the mouth.
Diarrhea: Frequent, loose, or watery stools.
Abdominal discomfort: Pain, cramping, or bloating in the stomach area.
These gastrointestinal side effects usually occur at the beginning of treatment or when the dose is increased. They can often be minimized by starting with a lower dose, taking metformin with meals, and gradually increasing the dose as tolerated.
Less common side effects of metformin 500 mg tablets may include:
Metallic taste: A strange taste in the mouth.
Decreased appetite: A reduced desire to eat.
Lactic acidosis: A rare but serious side effect that requires immediate medical attention. Symptoms include muscle pain or cramping, unusual tiredness, dizziness or lightheadedness, difficulty breathing, and stomach pain with nausea or vomiting.
Vitamin B12 deficiency: Long-term use of metformin can lower vitamin B12 levels in the body, which may lead to symptoms such as anemia, fatigue, weakness, and neurological issues.
Hypoglycemia: While metformin itself does not typically cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), it can enhance the effects of other diabetes medications that do lower blood sugar levels, potentially leading to hypoglycemia if not managed properly.
It's important to discuss any concerns about side effects with your healthcare provider before starting metformin. They can provide guidance on managing side effects, monitor for potential complications, and adjust your treatment plan as needed to ensure safe and effective diabetes management. Regular follow-up appointments are essential for monitoring blood sugar levels, kidney function, and other health parameters while taking metformin.